Oxygen, a key signalling factor in the control of seed germination and dormancy

Abstract Oxygen is a major factor of seed germination since it allows resumption respiration and subsequent metabolism reactivation during imbibition, thus leading to the production reducing power ATP. Most studies carried out in 60s 85s indicate that oxygen requirement depends on species modulated by environmental factors. They have also demonstrated covering structures mainly inhibit limiting supply embryo imbibition through enzymatic oxidation phenolic compounds polyphenol oxidases (catechol oxidase laccase) peroxidases. Recent use oxygen-sensitive microsensors has allowed better characterize diffusion determine content at level below structures. Here, I will highlight data obtained over last 30 years indicating key role molecular networks regulating dormancy (1) hormonal balance (ethylene, ABA GA), hormone-signalling pathway and, particular, sensitivity, (2) emerging mitochondria ROS hypoxia (3) involvement N-degron turnover proteins involved tolerance hypoxia.